Sodium valproate in Rett syndrome: brands, uses and side effects

[admin]

Generic medicine: Sodium valproate / valproic acidCommon brand names: Epilim, Episenta, Epival and Dyzantil. In some countries related valproate preparations include Depakote (divalproex sodium).
Brand names and formulations vary by country and are not always interchangeable.

How it may be used
Valproate is a broad-spectrum antiseizure medicine. It has been one of the most frequently used medicines for epilepsy in Rett syndrome, but it is not specifically licensed for Rett syndrome. The neurologist selects treatment according to the seizure type, EEG and the individual’s health.

Common side effects
• Feeling sick, vomiting or stomach discomfort
• Sleepiness, tiredness or dizziness
• Tremor
• Increased appetite and weight gain
• Hair thinning or changes in hair texture
• Headache

Important risks and monitoring
• Liver injury, particularly early in treatment
• Pancreatitis
• Low platelets, easy bruising or bleeding
• Raised ammonia, which may cause unusual sleepiness, vomiting or confusion
• Long-term effects on bone health
• Major pregnancy and developmental risks for an unborn baby

Blood count and liver-function monitoring may be required. Bone health, vitamin D and nutrition deserve particular attention in Rett syndrome.

Seek urgent medical advice for
Yellow skin or eyes, severe or persistent abdominal pain or vomiting, unexplained bruising or bleeding, marked confusion, extreme sleepiness, swelling, breathing difficulty or a severe rash.

Important: Never stop valproate suddenly. Girls and women who could become pregnant require specialist review and must follow the applicable pregnancy-prevention rules.

Rett-specific evidence: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25814391/
Medicine information: https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/sodium-valproate/
UK valproate safety advice: https://www.gov.uk/drug-safety-update/v ... tive-risks

Information checked 4 September 2026. This is general information, not a recommendation or complete list of side effects. Medication must be prescribed and reviewed by the person’s neurology team.